1. Hysterosalpingography
Operative procedure used to assess the interior anatomy of the uterus and tube including tubal patency.
It is Radiographic study and a contrast media is used.
Indications –
- Detection of Uterine malformations
- Detection of translocated IUDs
- Diagnosis of cervical incompetence
- Assessment of tubal patency in investigation of infertility.
- Incidental diagnosis of Submucous fibroid or an Uterine polyp.
Contraindications –
▪️Pelvic infection
▪️Women known to have hydrosalpinge ▪️Pelvic tenderness
▪️Presence of adrenal mass
2. USG- Ultrasonography
Non invasive imaging procedure that utilizes high frequency sound Waves.
Used widely in Gynaecology either with
Transabdomenal (TAS) or transvaginal (TVS)
Uses-
◾Infertility workup.
◾Serial measurement of ovarian follicular and endometrial thickness are done using TVS.
◾ USG provide presumptive evidence of ovulation.
◾ To detect correct timing of ovulation.
◾Endometrial disease
◾To locate missing IUD
◾Sonographically guided pro
3. Hysteroscopy
Procedure that allows direct visualization inside the Uterus.
It can be used for diagnostic as well as
therapeutic purpose.
Basic instruments and electrosurgical units-
- Telescope
- Distending media
- Flexible telescopes
- Microhysteroscope
- Telescope sheath
Liquid media- Glycine 1.5% Mannitol + Glycine
Accessory Instruments- forceps, scissors grasping forceps, Image recorder, Camera, light source
Indications-
🔻Diagnostic-
◾Abnormal uterine bleeding.
◾Infertility – when associated with hysterosalpingogram
◾Recurrent Miscarriage
◾ Misplaced IUD.
🔻 Operative
◾polypectomy and myomectomy
◾Endometrial ablation
◾endometrial resection
◾Biopsy. ◾Removal of foreign body/ IUD.
◾Sterilisation
Contraindications-
◾Pelvic Infection
◾Pregnancy
◾Cervical cancer
◾Cardiopulmonary disorder
◾Cervical stenosis