Vaidyaनमः
Antimicrobial drugs are chemical substances of natural or synthetic origin that suppress the growth or destroy, micro-organisms including bacteria, fungi, helminths, protozoa and viruses. A drug used to treat a microbial infection. “Antimicrobial” is a general term that refers to a group of drugs that includes antibiotics, antifungals, antiprotozoals and antivirals. What are Antimicrobial Agents? […]
Antibiotics are substances which are derived from one microorganism in order to kill another microorganism. Antibiotics are effective against bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections. But, antibiotics are not helpful against viral infections. Pathogenic bacteria can be killed by synthetic components at low concentration. Examples: Ampicillin and amoxicillin. Penicillin :- Penicillin was the first antibiotic to […]
Introduction Erythropoietin (EPO) is a sialoglycoprotein hormone (MW 34000) produced by peritubular cells of the kidney that is essential for normal erythropoiesis. NOTE – Erythropoiesis (from Greek ‘erythro’ meaning “red” and ‘poiesis’ meaning “to make” is the process which produces red blood cells (erythrocytes), which is the development from erythropoietic stem cell to mature red […]
INTRODUCTION Laxatives are drugs that promote evacuation of bowels. A distinction is sometimes made according to the intensity of action. (a) Laxative or aperient: milder action, elimination of soft but formed stools. (b) Purgative or cathartic: stronger action resulting in more fluid evacuation. Many drugs in low doses act as laxative and in larger doses […]
INTRODUCTION :- Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) is one of the most common causes of severe respiratory failure in infants born at term/ post-term gestation. ‘Meconium’ is the first stool of an infant, composed of materials ingested during the period of gestation. It is normally stored in the infant’s intestines until after birth, but sometimes (often […]
Introduction An Anti diuretic is a substance that helps to control fluid balance in an human’s body by reducing urination or opposing diuresis. Its effects are opposite that of a diuretic. Anti Diuretic Drugs :- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH, Vasopressin), Desmopressin, Lypressin, Terlipressin Thiazide diuretics, Amiloride. Miscellaneous: Indomethacin, Chlorpropamide, Carbamazepine. 1. ANTI DIURETIC HORMONE (Argenine Vasopressin-AVP) […]
Introduction Diarrhoea is too frequent, often too precipitate passage of poorly formed stools. It is defined by WHO as 3 or more loose or watery stools in a 24 hour period. It occurs due to passage of excess water in faeces. This may be due to: Decreased electrolyte and water absorption. Increased secretion by intestinal […]
Thyroid hormone Thyroid gland secretes three hormones – T4 (thyroxine), T3 (triiodothyronine) (both produced by thyroid follicle) and calcitonin ( produced by inter follicular “c” cells. Regulation of secretion- Secretion from thyroid is controlled by anterior pituitary, by elaboration of thyrotropin, while TSH ( thyroid stimulating hormone) itself is regulated by TRH ( Thyroid releasing […]